- Overview
- Importance
- Our Services
- Animal Species
- Routes of Administration
- FAQs
Overview
In the field of biopharmaceutical research, understanding the toxicological properties of chemical compounds is of paramount importance. General toxicology plays a crucial role in ensuring the safety and efficacy of pharmaceutical products. We offer a wide range of services to help pharmaceutical companies assess the potential toxicity of their compounds.
Depending on customer and regulatory requirements, we can conduct GLP and non-GLP studies for different species, scale, duration, complexity and compliance. These studies will help you succeed in your project.
Importance of General Toxicology
General toxicology is the study of the adverse effects of chemicals on living organisms. It can assess the safety of chemicals and predict the risks when humans are exposed to these substances. By conducting toxicological studies, scientists can determine the safe dosage levels of drugs and establish guidelines for their use.
Our Services
We provide comprehensive toxicological testing services to customers. Our team of experienced chemists and biologists can analyze the toxicity of compounds using a variety of test methods. Our capabilities are as follows:
- Formulation analysis and bioanalysis (GLP and non-GLP)
- Single dose toxicity test (acute toxicity)
- Repeat dose toxicity test (subacute, subchronic and chronic toxicity)
- Tolerability studies
- Dose-range finding studies
- Toxicokinetic test
- Early diagnosis test
Animal Species
- Rodents (mice, rats, guinea pigs, etc.)
- Non-rodents (rabbits, canines, monkeys, swine, etc.)
Routes of Administration
- Oral (gavage, capsule) and nasogastric (for NHPs)
- Transdermal
- Inhalational
- Ophthalmic
- Sublingual
- Intravenous (bolus injection, infusion)
- Subcutaneous injection
- Intramuscular injection
- Intraperitoneal injection
- Ocular (including systemic, topical, subconjunctival, intravitreal, sub-retinal and retrobulbar)
- Others (such as rectum, intrathecal, intra-articular, intra-arterial, etc.)
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About General Toxicology
What are the different routes of exposure to toxicants?
Toxicants can enter the body through ingestion (swallowing), inhalation (breathing), dermal contact (skin absorption), and injection (e.g., through needles or insect stings).
What are acute and chronic toxicity?
Acute toxicity refers to the adverse effects of a single or short-term exposure to a toxicant, while chronic toxicity results from repeated or prolonged exposure over time.
How do toxicants exert their harmful effects?
Toxicants can disrupt cellular structures, interfere with biochemical processes, alter physiological functions, and induce cellular damage or death through various mechanisms.
What is the dose-response relationship?
The dose-response relationship describes the relationship between the dose or concentration of the toxicant and the biological response it produces. It helps determine the threshold dose for adverse effects and assess the severity of toxicity at different exposure levels.
How is toxicological testing conducted?
Toxicological testing involves a variety of methods, including in vitro studies using cell cultures, in vivo studies involving laboratory animals, epidemiological studies of human populations, and computational modeling approaches.
Which areas usually require toxicological studies?
Toxicological research has applications in various fields, including pharmaceuticals, environmental protection, occupational health and safety, forensic science, and public health.
How can individuals protect themselves from toxicants?
Individuals can reduce their exposure to toxicants by following safety guidelines, using personal protective equipment, properly storing and handling chemicals, and seeking medical advice in case of exposure or poisoning.